Unit 2 - Chapters 7 - 8

Photosynthesis and respiration

 

Essential Questions:

  • How is energy stored in living systems?
  • How is energy transferred within and between living systems?
  • How do the laws of thermodynamics apply to living systems?
  • What is free energy?
  • In what form is energy stored and used in living systems?
  • How are energy transfers facilitated in living systems?
  • How does the shape of an enzyme relate to its function?
  • How do cells modify and control metabolic activities?
  • How does the sun power living systems?
  • How is sunlight energy captured and converted into chemical bond energy.
  • How is chemical bond energy of fuel molecules release in manageable amounts and forms?

Objectives:

1. Know two laws that govern the way energy is transferred from one substance to another.

2. Know the forces that cause water and solutes to mover across membranes passively.

3.  Understand which types of substances move by simple diffusion and which move by facilitated diffusion.

4.  Know the mechanisms by which substances are moved across membranes against a concentration gradient.

5. Provide an example of a metabolic pathway and explain what kinds of substances regulate activity of the pathway.

6.  Understand how material can be imported or exported from a cell by being wrapped in membranes.

7. Tell exactly what enzymes do and how they do it.

8. Explain how a molecule can "carry" energy.

9. Understand the main pathways by which energy from the sun or from specific     chemical reactions enters organisms and passes from organism to organism and/or back into the environment.

10.  Know the steps of the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.  Know the raw materials needed to start each phase and know the products made by each phase.

11. Explain how autotrophs use the intermediates as well as the products of photosynthesis in their metabolism.

12.  Understand what kind of molecules can serve as food molecules.

13.  Know the relationship of food molecules to glucose and thus to gylcolysis.

14.  Understand the fundamental differences between glycolysis + fermentation and glycolysis + aerobic respiration.  Know the factors that determine           whether an organism will carry on fermentation or aerobic respiration..

15.  Know the raw materials and products of each of those processes: gylcolysis,      fermentation, the Kreb's cycle, and electron transport phosphorylation.

 

 

Readings, labs, homework and viewings:

  • Read – Chapters 6-8
  • Photosynthesis lab
  • Respiration Lab
  • Quizzes
  • Study guide pages
  • Unit 2Test

 

 

Daily Class Notes

 

Weblinks:

http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/earthguide/diagrams/absorption/absorption.html

 

Cyclic and non-cyclic pathways - animations

http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072437316/student_view0/chapter10/animations.html#

http://www.cst.cmich.edu/users/baile1re/bio101fall/enzphoto/photoanima.htm#

Calvin Cycle animations

http://www.sinauer.com/cooper/4e/animations0305.html

http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/Bio231/calvin.html

http://faculty.nl.edu/jste/calvin_cycle.htm

 

Photosynthesis overview

http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~clt011/flash/samples/photosyn.swf

 

chemiosmosis animations

http://vcell.ndsu.nodak.edu/animations/atpgradient/first.htm

http://www.tvdsb.on.ca/westmin/science/Biology12/Metabolic%20Processes/etc.htm

http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072437316/student_view0/chapter10/animations.html#